Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from beak.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Thu, 26 Apr 90 01:54:15 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <0aBcnKS00VcJA0mE4u@andrew.cmu.edu> Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Thu, 26 Apr 90 01:53:27 -0400 (EDT) Subject: SPACE Digest V11 #317 SPACE Digest Volume 11 : Issue 317 Today's Topics: Re: South Atlantic Anomaly RE: SPACE Digest V11 #243 Re: Apollo 13, STS-1, Vostok 1 anniversaries Re: Apollo 13, STS-1, Vostok 1 anniversaries Shuttle altitude ISECCo Update: Meetings & dirt digging. Re: 2001 decompression Blue Shift Re: How can the shuttle reach higher orbits? Power grid frequency Re: Apollo 13, STS-1, Vostok 1 anniversaries Hot News from AW&ST 23 April 90 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 24 Apr 90 11:18:08 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!sdd.hp.com!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!zardoz.cpd.com!dhw68k!ofa123!Mark.Perew@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Mark Perew) Subject: Re: South Atlantic Anomaly My thanks to all who replied in public and private to my query on the South Atlantic Anomaly. -- Mark Perew ...!{dhw68k,zardoz,lawnet,conexch}!ofa123!Mark.Perew Mark.Perew@ofa123.FIDONET.ORG 714 544-0934 2400/1200/300 ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 25 Apr 90 09:07 EDT From: "Michael N. Davis" Subject: RE: SPACE Digest V11 #243 Why have I been banished from this list? The last message I received was April 12. I will resubscribe after this message, but will whoever please check to see if there is a problem. Thanks. ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 16:19:26 GMT From: skipper!shafer@ames.arc.nasa.gov (Mary Shafer) Subject: Re: Apollo 13, STS-1, Vostok 1 anniversaries In article <5903@ganymede.inmos.co.uk> conor@wren.inmos.co.uk (Conor O'Neill) writes: :In article mikemc@mustang.ncr-fc.FtCollins.NCR.com (Mike McManus) writes: :>As a big user of "Home-certified, Heavy-duty, Fix-anything, McGyver-style :>Ductape [tm]", I would certainly want some of the stuff in *MY* space-bound :>tool box! And heck, $32 bucks a roll sounds like a bargain. Where can I get :>some of the stuff (would probably do a great job on my muffler ;-)? :Actually, "Ductape" is spelt "Gaffer Tape" in the UK. :I wonder who invented it first?... :-) Duct tape (by whatever brand name) isn't the same as gaffer tape here. Duct tape costs about $10 a roll at the hardware store (DIY store in the UK?) and gaffer tape costs about $50 a roll at the photography shop. Probably the reason you don't call it duct tape in the UK is that the ducts referred to are for forced-air heating, which I understand is less common in the UK than in the US. Both duct tape and gaffer tape are more attractive than Mach 3 tape (which is also known as EB tape, according to a submariner who posted previously). The first two are silvery grey and the last is olive drab. But no matter what color it is, what it's called, or where we bought it, it's wonderful stuff. -- Mary Shafer shafer@skipper.dfrf.nasa.gov ames!skipper.dfrf.nasa.gov!shafer NASA Ames Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, CA Of course I don't speak for NASA ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 12:56:11 GMT From: mcsun!ukc!inmos!conor%wren.inmos.co.uk@uunet.uu.net (Conor O'Neill) Subject: Re: Apollo 13, STS-1, Vostok 1 anniversaries In article mikemc@mustang.ncr-fc.FtCollins.NCR.com (Mike McManus) writes: >As a big user of "Home-certified, Heavy-duty, Fix-anything, McGyver-style >Ductape [tm]", I would certainly want some of the stuff in *MY* space-bound >tool box! And heck, $32 bucks a roll sounds like a bargain. Where can I get >some of the stuff (would probably do a great job on my muffler ;-)? > >-- >Disclaimer: All spelling and/or grammer in this document are guaranteed to be > correct; any exseptions is the is wurk uv intter-net deemuns. > Actually, "Ductape" is spelt "Gaffer Tape" in the UK. I wonder who invented it first?... :-) --- Conor O'Neill, Software Group, INMOS Ltd., UK. UK: conor@inmos.co.uk US: conor@inmos.com "It's state-of-the-art" "But it doesn't work!" "That is the state-of-the-art". ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 25 Apr 1990 09:50 EDT From: SIMMONS DONALD F <27000%AECLCR.BITNET@vma.cc.cmu.edu> Subject: Shuttle altitude To: What altitude did the Shuttle yesterday reach? I know they were hoping for an altitude of about 550 nm so the HST wouldn't need a reboost for a couple of years, so what did they manage to reach? Donald Simmons 27000@AECLCR ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 25 Apr 90 12:21:51 -0900 Sender: "ACAD3A::FNRJH" Reply-To: "Robert J. Hale III" From: "Robert J. Hale III" Subject: ISECCo Update: Meetings & dirt digging. ISECCo Update: Meetings & dirt digging. I have had a couple of people from out of state suggest that I start sending these meeting notices to them because they have a lot of information in them and show the progress that we are making and how far we have gotten. This seems to be such a popular idea that I am going to simple append my "Update" mailing list into my "Meeting" mailing list and so all of you will recieve meeting notifications. I shall continue to maintain two separate mailing lists though, so feel free to let me know if you would rather not recieve these meeting notifications! ISECCo Meeting: Tuesday, April 24, at 7 pm. We will be meeting at my house--if you need a ride let me know and we will arrange it. If you need directions please see EXPL FSRRC FINDME. Origionally we were planning to have a meeting tomorrow night (Sunday), but, because we had an impromptu meeting called "Fix Elisa's Car" that lasted all afternoon today we have opted not to have it as planned. (Elisa's car broke down Friday just as she was arriving at our meeting; her CV joint broke. Scott, Terry, Elisa and myself spent most of the afternoon taking it apart...and tomorrow I shall try [!] to put it back together. {Not quite an ISECCo event, but we have to help those members who devote so much time to us that they remain perpetually broke!}) Including this "meeting" today (in which we also did a little dirt work and worked on cleaning out the trailer) we had 2 other meetings: Thursday night, which was primarily involved in the planning needed to buy enough food staples to last 3 people for 4 months without spending more than $250 (yes, this can be done, believe it or not!) We also did a little work on the greenhouse, but we were all tired and when we fouled up the flooring (made it 1.5" too big) so we gave up! Friday we had a very productive day; I spent about 5 hours on the Cat, pushing dirt, Scott & Terry spent over 6 hours cleaning out the trail (which, as many of you already know, is to be used to house some of our volunteer workers), and Elisa helped on the trailer and took pictures of me driving the Cat. I can report excelent progress on digging; the hole is getting pretty humongous--17' deep in the deepest point. Since we will need a little freeway on the edges it will be a 40'x40' square (roughly) that is close to 25' deep. As soon as Scott and Terry get out of school (so they can start working for us) I expect that we'll really make progress, and anticipate finishing the hole before the end of May. Then it will be a matter of raising the money before we can progress from there! The biosphere is, as most of you know, going to be burried 2 meters (6') underground. Since the biosphere is a hemisphere 11 meters (35.75') in diameter we will need a hole almost 8 meters (24+') deep. We have dug 7,800 cubic feet of dirt from the hole, and have aproximately 32,000 cubic feet to go. Thus we have dug close to 1/5 of the dirt. For the most part the dirt I have been digging I have hauled to the uphill side of the hole, which has greatly slowed dirt removal. But, when it comes time to burry (backfill) the biosphere having the dirt there will greatly reduce the amount of work it is worth the extra effort. Unfortunately this area is under the powerline and I have built it up as far as I could without getting too close to the powerline. So we are now taking the dirt off to the side, which is greatly speeding things up now, but I think I didn't get quite enough on the uphill side so it will slow backfilling. I have done at least SOME digging on every portion of the hole. The downhill side, which is 7' lower than the uphill, has been dug down less than 1'. But one back corner is very deep (as reported above) and the other back corner is close to 7'. Because we are taking the dirt out sideways and the going is essentually level we can move a great deal of dirt at a time, and I expect the next quarter of the hole to go quite quickly. After that it will gradually slow as the hole gets deep enough so we have to start carrying the dirt out of the hole with the front end loader (as opposed to just pushing it). ON OTHER MATTERS: Our fish are currently divided into 6 different tanks; one for the latest brood, one for the females (we keep them separated from the males--we have more than we know what to do with now!!), three for the previous brood and one for the males. One of the three has a dozen fish in it, and they are being fed on strictly biosphere-type food--i.e. leaves, table scraps, etc--and while they aren't growing half as fast as a control group being fed a commercial growth food they ARE growing. The origional fish, obtained in October, are getting quite large; the largest is close to 7". We shall probably breed once more, which, added to the first brood of 85+ and the second of 50+, should give us well over 200 fish. This will probably be the maximum number of fish we can support right now; we are running out of tanks space! We have 1-10 gallon tank, 2-15 gallon tanks, 1-20 gallon tank, 1-30 gallon tank and a bathtub...and a second bathtub we expect to set up before long! Portions of these systems will probably end up in the biosphere. Late last month we made close to 800 pre-plants. The majority of these we will be planting in a garden, some will go in the greenhouse and some will be planted in outside hydroponices. All the produce we will use to gain experience in growing different kinds of vegtables and will help us determine the best ways to grow stuff, and will provide an excelent food source for our volunteer workers. These plants are doing very nicely, and some are beginning to outgrow their containers already--we had better get the greenhouse up pretty soon so we can get them transplanted! The greenhouse is more than half done. All 4 walls have been made, the 4 doors (!) are all done, the roof rafters are all cut and the floor has been started. I am hoping that we can finish it with another 10-15 man-hours of work...and it will be the primary labors of our next meeting! We are looking into raising chickens this summer, so we can gain experience with them; we are uncertain that they will be a good source of food for the biosphere because they may not thrive on foods that will be readily available. So we are going to get about 3 dozen chickens and will do a few experiments with them, trying to determine what different kinds of foods they can survive on. We have a couple other projects, but I seem to have run out of time here, so I will go into them later! At any rate you can see the progress we have been making!! Any of you who are not on our mailing list and/or wish to know more about us feel free to write me at FSRRC@ALASKA. --Ray :: President, ISECCo ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 25 Apr 90 17:58:55 EDT From: John Roberts Disclaimer: Opinions expressed are those of the sender and do not reflect NIST policy or agreement. Subject: Re: 2001 decompression >Date: Fri, 20 Apr 90 16:13:29 CDT >From: John Nordlie >Subject: Re: 2001 Decompression >I too have heard that you can survive about 30 seconds in a hard >vacuum, but don't hold your breath (ruptured lungs cause internal >bleeding and eventually you will drown in your own blood). This >value was determined in the '50s (I think), when goats were placed >in chambers and exposed to a hard vacuum. The animals expanded to >about twice their normal size (blood at body temp in a hard vacuum >boils quite vigorously). The animals were hurt, but survived exposure >times of up to about 30 seconds. I didn't see Dave swell up like >a balloon in 2001, but the scenes from 'Outland' where more realistic >(I think, anyway). I don't think you could survive swelling up full of bubbles to twice normal size for any period of time - the goats may have had their hair stand on end. Even if your body were to swell up, your head wouldn't, which is what was shown in 'Outland'. 'Outland' is interesting as an adventure movie, but it has many scientific errors, most notably the exploding heads. I also liked the weapon of choice, a sawed-off shotgun with a computerized telescopic sight (so you could aim within a minute of arc the 20-degree swath of destruction? :-) They managed to shoot out several windows during the course of the movie. I like 2001 and 2010 partly because they have so few errors. There's nothing in 2010 that's glaringly obvious except for the floating pens. John Roberts roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 22:25:43 GMT From: munnari.oz.au!uhccux!thogan@uunet.uu.net (Tim Hogan) Subject: Blue Shift I predict the HST will discover Blue Shifted Quasars. It is because the universe is really infinite. What we have thought was the edge of the "known" universe was only the end of our local universe/cluster. Is this possible? Why not? Tim Hogan/Hawaii ------------------------------ Date: 26 Apr 90 01:34:17 GMT From: thorin!homer!leech@mcnc.org (Jonathan Leech) Subject: Re: How can the shuttle reach higher orbits? In article <1990Apr25.192100.10063@utzoo.uucp> henry@utzoo.uucp (Henry Spencer) writes: >be hauled around at great expense. You really want to take the stuff up >into low orbit with the shuttle, and transfer it there to a tug which >will do a more efficient job of hauling it up higher. I really want to take the payloads up in an aeroshell, unless there's some compelling need to return them to earth or have people along. Taking a shuttle to a minimum orbit is still largely wasted energy. -- Jon Leech (leech@cs.unc.edu) __@/ "Opossums ran amok in Chapel Hill this weekend..." _The Daily Tar Heel_, 11/1/88 ------------------------------ Date: 24 Apr 90 21:35:15 GMT From: philmtl!philabs!ttidca!sorgatz@uunet.uu.net ( Avatar) Subject: Power grid frequency In article <9004231602.AA02370@ncscnavy.mil> steve@NCSC.NAVY.MIL (Mahan) writes: +>Date: 20 Apr 90 17:45:14 GMT +>From: nuchat!steve@uunet.uu.net (Steve Nuchia) +>Subject: Re: Drake Equation (was Re: Interstellar travel) +> +>In article <3619@minyos.xx.rmit.oz> rxtajp@minyos.xx.rmit.oz (Andrew Pettifer) writes: + + The power grids in the US do NOT maintain an exact frequency of 60 hz. +The generators are allowed to change speed in response to changing loads and +the frequency is typically slightly below 60 Hz. The heavier the load the +slower the system runs. It's only fair to point out he fact that the Pacific/Canadian Intertie Grid is actually high voltage DC. Hence no frequency....;-) It's also only fair to mention that radiant propagation at frequencies much below 500KHz (hell, 2.5MHz for that matter..) are quite well attenuated at 100 miles above the Earth's surface, nothing to worry about in terms of a visible electromagnetic signature. Unless you assume some differential form of remote sensing that is very unlike common radio. Consider this thread to be moot on that basis. ciao! -- -Avatar-> (aka: Erik K. Sorgatz) KB6LUY +-------------------------+ Citicorp(+)TTI *----------> panic trap; type = N+1 * 3100 Ocean Park Blvd. Santa Monica, CA 90405 +-------------------------+ {csun,philabs,psivax,pyramid,quad1,rdlvax,retix}!ttidca!sorgatz ** ------------------------------ Date: 25 Apr 90 18:24:52 GMT From: quanta.eng.ohio-state.edu!math-cs.kent.edu!news@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (John R. S. Mascio) Subject: Re: Apollo 13, STS-1, Vostok 1 anniversaries This really belongs under rec.humor, but I thought with the current thread of conversation I would throw this tid-bit in: Duct tape is like the FORCE. It has a light side and a dark side and holds the universe together. -- UNKNOWN (or at least forgotten) --- John Raymond Stone Mascio (mascio@cs.kent.edu) KSU Department of Math/CS, KSU Merrill Hall Kent, Ohio 44242 USA Bus # (216) 672-2077 / 672-2430 ------------------------------ Date: 24 Apr 90 23:11:00 GMT From: oliveb!orc!bu.edu!lectroid!jjmhome!cpoint!frog!john@apple.com (John Woods) Subject: Hot News from AW&ST 23 April 90 The National Research Council has announced that the U.S. should not mount a joint mission to Mars with the Soviet Union, because "a highly interdependant effort would make science a potential hostage to political events." Excuse me? Did I miss something? When did it STOP??? Does anyone know if this has a precedent, or has the NRC generated the government's first self-referential document? -- John Woods, Charles River Data Systems, Framingham MA, (508) 626-1101 ...!decvax!frog!john, john@frog.UUCP, ...!mit-eddie!jfw, jfw@eddie.mit.edu ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V11 #317 *******************